AIX Text Editor (Vi Editor) Commands

• Esc To switch between insert or command mode

• Insert mode
• a Insert text after the cursor
• i Insert text before the cursor
• I Insert text of the top of the line
• A Insert text of the bottom of the line
• x Supress a character
• o Insert text in the next line
• O insert text in the previous line
• r Replace the current character
• R Edit the current line in typeover
• cc Change line
• cw Change word
• C Change from current position to the end of line
• dw Delete a word from the cursor position
• dd Delete the line and place to the buffer
• yy Copy line in the buffer
• p Copy the content of the buffer after the current line
• P Copy the content of the buffer before the current line

• Position command
• l Go  right
• h Go left
• k Go  up
• j Go down
• b Go a word left
• w Go a word right
• $ Go to the end of the line
• O Go to the top of the line
• :24 Go to  line 24
• gg or 1G  Go to the first line of the document
• G Go the last line of the document

• Global Comand

• / Search string
• :1,$s/a/b/g Replace character b from a, from the 1st line to the end of a file
• :r Insert a file at the position of the cursor
• :q!  Quit without saving a fle
• :w  Write  a file
• :wq Write and quit a file

Recreating the boot logical volume

Boot an AIX from NIM and HMC - boot problem

• Define the machine on NIM
• smitty NIM
• Perform NIM Adimistration Tasks
• Manage Machines
• Define a machine
• NIM Machine Name (machine name)
• Machine Type (standalone)
• Hardware Platform Type (chrp)
• Cable Type (bnc)
• NIM Network (Nim network Name)
• Host Name (host name)
• Network Adapter Hardware (Network Adapter Adress)
• The network adress can be found booting in SMS Mode -Setup Remote IPL

• Perform NIM AdministrationTasks
• Manage Machines
• Perform Operations on Machines
• Machine name
• maint_boot = enable a machine to boot in maintenance mode
• SPOT (spot name)

• Boot from HMC in maintenance Mode
• In advanced option boot on SMS
• Choose open a terminal
• 5. Select Boot Options
• 1. Select Instal/Boot device
• 6. Network
• 1. Virtual Ethernet
• 3. Normal Mode Boot
• 1. Access a Root Volume Group
• 2) Volume Group....
• 2) Access this Volume Group and start a shell before mounting filesystems
• Also you can make some intervention on disk
• fsck -y /dev/hd1
• mount /dev/hd1

AIX Commands for Managing files and directories

• cd Change directory

• ls Display the content of a directory
  
  • ls -la Display the content of a library long format
  • ls -latr Display the content of a library in chronogical order

• cat Display, create, copy, concat a file
• cat file.input Display file.input
• cat file1.input file2.input > file.outpout Concat file1 et file2

• more Display each page of a file

• cp  Copy files or directories

• mv Move or rename file

• grep Search a string in a file
• grep -r "text" /tmp Search the string text in the /tmp directory

• wc Count word, line in a file

• ln Make a hard or soft link of a file

• touch Create an empty file

• find Find a file
• find . -name "text.txt" Find the file text.txt
• find . -name "*.txt" | xargs -n1 ls -la Find the files *.txt if there is too many occurences 
• find . -name "text*" | xargs rm Find all the file with the argument text* and remove it
•  find . -type f -mtime +10 | xargs -n1 rm Find all files older than 10 days and remove it

• chmod Modify the permission of a file or directory
• chmod ugo+rwx Set the permission for user - group - other + Read - Write - execute

• chown Change the owner of a file or directory
• chown user file

• chgrp Change the group of a file or directory
• chgrp group file

• cut Cut certain colonn of a file

• head Display the head of a file

• sdiff Display the difference between two files

• sort Sort the content of a file

• tail Display the last lines of a file
• tail -f /var/log/error.log Display in "real time" the content of a log file

• mkdir Make a directory

• rmdir Remove a directory

• nl Number lines in a file
• nl -ba file.txt

AIX utlitites - Transforming and converting files

• tr
• tr '\332' '012'< file.input > file.output To transform character 'DA' (hex) to '0A' (hex). The value 332 and 012 are in octal
• tr -d '\025' < file.input > file.output To delete the character '15' (hex). The value 025 are in octal
• tr 'A-Z' 'a-z' < file.input > file.output To transform upercase to lowercase
• tr 'àçéèêëîïôöùüÂÇÉÈÊËÎÏÔÖÙÜ' 'aceeeeiioouuACEEEEIIOOUU' < file.input > file.output

• sed
• sed

• perl
• perl -pe 's/\332/\012/g' < file.input > file.output To transform character 'DA' (hex) to '0A' (hex). The value 332 and 012 are in octal
• perl -pe 's/\332/\015\012/g' < file.input > file.output To transform character 'DA' (hex) to '0D0A' (hex. Thel value 332, 015 and 012 are in octal.
• perl -n -e 'chop; printf "%-120s\n",$_;'  < file.input > file.output To transform a file with a Carriage Return at the position 120
• perl -e '1,2d' < file.input > file.output To suppress the first two line of a file
• perl -e 'while (read(STDIN, $l, 160)){printf "%s\n",$l;}' < file.input >file.output To add a carriage return at the position 160

• iconv To convert from one encoding to another encoding
• iconv -f ISO8859-1 -t IBM-850 file.input > file.output To convert file from ISO8859-1 to IBM-850 encoding

• awk
• ls -la * | tail -1 | awk '{print $9}' To display information of the colon 9 in a ls command
• ls -ltr | grep "Jan 24" | awk '{print $9}' | xargs -n1 -i cp {} /work/toto/
• dd
• dd if=/tmp/file.input of=/tmp/file.output conv=ascii To convert input file from bin to ascii

• Sript to transform "dos file" to Unix (in particular ^M)
• #!/usr/bin/ksh
  
  if [ $# -ne 1 ]
  then
  echo "Usage: $0 filename"
  exit
  fi
  
  sed 's/^M$//' $1 > tmp
  mv tmp $1
  chmod 755 $1

• Tips to transform Dos file to Unix

• # to convert DOS file to Unix in place:
• perl -i -pe 's/\r//g' file
• # Unix to DOS:
• perl -pe 's/$/\r/g' < infile > outfile
• # Unix to DOS in place:
• perl -i -pe 's/\n/\r\n/' file
• # to check for <CR> :
• perl -ne 'print if /\r/' < infile

Some AIX basic commands

• who Display the connected users

• whoami Display the current user connected

• man Display manual of a command
• man ls

• df Display information about total space and available space on a file system

• du Display the file space usage

• chfs Change attributes of a file system
• chfs -a size=+500M /usr

• su Change the current user connected
• su - user

• lp Sent a file to the spooler

• lpr Sent a file to the spooler

• wget  Wget is a free utility for non-interactive download of files from the Web.
• wget -b ftp://ftp.arcudi.org/file.tar.gz Download the file.tar.gz in backgroup

• lastreboot See when the system is rebooted the last time

AIX Compress and Archive Commands

• gzip Compress a file
• gzip file.tar Create a compressed file file.tar.gz
• gzip -d Unpack a *.gz file Uncompress a file.tar.gz file
• tar cvf - directory/ | gzip > toto.tar.gz Create a compressed tar file in a single command

• zip Compress a file

• tar  Archive a file
• tar -tvf file Verify the content of a tar file
• tar -xvf file Unpack a tar file
• tar -c file repertory Create a tar file
• tar -cvfX file.tar exclude.txt /tmp/toto/ Create a tar file exluding directories that are present in the exclude.txt file
• tar cvf - directory/ | gzip > toto.tar.gz Create a compressed tar file in a single command

• history See the last command entered

• nl Number lines in a file
• nl -ba file.txt

• lssrc See the status of a subsystem
• lssrc -ls dhcpsd

AIX User administration commands

• mkuser Creates a new user
• smitty mkuser

• passwd Creates or changes the password of a user

• chuser Changes user attributes (except password)

• lsuser Lists user attributes

• rmuser Removes a user and its attributes

• chsec Changes security related stanzas

• login Initiates a user session

• who Identifies the users currently logged in

• dtconfig Enables or disables the desktop autostart feature

AIX User administration files

• /etc/security/environ Contains the environment attributes for users

• /etc/security/lastlog Contains the last login attributes for users

• /etc/security/limits Contains process resource limits for users

• /etc/security/user Contains extended attributes for users

• /usr/lib/security/mkuser.default Contains the default attributes for new users

• /usr/lib/security/mkuser.sys Customizes new user accounts

• /etc/passwd Contains the basic attributes of users

• /etc/security/passwd Contains password information

• /etc/security/login.cfg Contains configuration information for login and user authentication

• /etc/utmp Contains the record of users logged into the system

• /var/adm/wtmp Contains connect time accounting records

• /etc/security/failedlogin Records all failed login attempts

• /etc/motd Contains the message to be displayed every time a user logs in to the system

• /etc/environment Specifies the basic environment for all processes

• /etc/profile Specifies additional environment settings for all users

• $HOME/.profile Specifies environment settings for specific user needs

• /etc/group Contains the basic attributes of groups

• /etc/security/group Contains the extended attributes of groups

The following AIX performance tools provide general information and metrics related to performance.

CPU Monitoring	vmstat, iostat, topas, sar, time/timex
Memory Montiroing	vmstat, topas, ps, lsps, ipcs
I/O Subsystem	vmstat, topas, iostat, lvmstat, lsps, lsatt/lsdev, lspv/lsvg/lslv
Network	netstat, topas, atmstat, entstat, tokstat, fddistat, nfsstat, ifconfig
Processes	ps, pstat, topas

AIX System information

• prtconf | more Print system information

• lstattr -EL -l sys0 To display system level attribute

• lsattr -El sys0 -realmem Display amout of ram

• lsattr -l rmt0 -E To list the current values of the attributes for the tape device, rmt0

• lscfg Detailled configuration of my system
• lscfg | grep proc Display number of processor

• oslevel Returns the major level of the OS
• oslevel -r Returns the detailled level of the OS
• oslevel -s To see which service pack is currently installed

• uname -a Type of the machine

• unmae -uM Type of the machine and serial number

• oslevel Reports the latest installed maintenance level of the system (VIO)

• lspv To display the number of hard disks on your system
• lspv hdisk1 To find details about hdisk1

• lsconf To document the machine

• bootinfo Reports some system information
• bootinfo -r How much memory does machine have
• bootinfo -y Display if the hardware is 32 or 64 bit

• http://www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/set2/flrt/home Provides minimum recommended fix level

Software packaging and Maintenance Level

• oslevel
• oslevel -q (List filesets of known technology)
• oslevel -r (Applies all flags to tehnology levels)
• oslevel -sq (List all know service pack)

• installp to install additional software or PTF (Program Temporary Fix)

• instfix to list, update or update an individual fix
• instfix -i | grep ML Show what fileset are found for maintenance release and if they are complete
• insfix -ik <fix> Show if a particular fix is installed on the system

• lslpp to view the maintenance level
• lslpp -l
• lslpp -l <fileset> to see information about a fileset (fileset -l bos.iconv.ucs.com)

• lppchk -v Show fileset that are incompletly installed

• lscfg -vp | grep alterable Show firmware level

Monitoring and system performance

• Nagios  an open source program to monitor all your systems

• topas to see in "real time" system stats (CPU, IO etc...)

• nmon a free tool to analyse AIX and Linux performance

• iostat Reports CPU and I/O statistics

• vmstat Reports virtual-memory activity and other system statistics

• netstat Displays the contents of network-related data structures

• ps Displays the status of processes

• lsattr Displays the attributes of devices

• lslv Displays information about a logical volume or the logical volume allocations of a physical volume

• nfsstat Displays statistics about Network File System (NFS) and Remote Procedure Call (RPC) activity

• nice Runs a command at higher- or lower-than-normal priority

• no Displays or sets network options

• renice Changes the priority of one or more processes

• reorgvg Reorganizes the physical-partition allocation within a volume group

• sar Collects and reports or records system-activity information

• schedtune Sets parameters for CPU scheduler and Virtual Memory Manager processing

• svmon Captures and analyzes a snapshot of virtual memory

• time Prints the elapsed execution time and the user and system processing time attributed to a command

• tprof Reports CPU usage for individual programs and the whole system

• trace Records and reports selected system events

• filemon To find out the busy filesystems and files

• lsdev Displays devices on the system and their characteristics
• lsdev -Cc adapter Display information about adapter
• lsdev -Cc disk Display information about disk
• lsdev -c | grep ent Display information about netwok adaptater

• lsvg Diplays information on a volume group
• lsvg -o Displays volume group active
• lsvg -l rootvg Displays the status of disks

• lspv Displays information about a physical volume within a volume group
• lspv hdisk0

• mkvg Creates a volume group
• mkvg -y datavg hdisk1 hdisk2

• lsfs Displays the filesystems and their characteristics

• lsattr Displays information about the attributes of a given device
• lsattr -El sys0 -a realmem (amount of ram)

• cfgmgr command is used to onfigure devices and, optionally, install device software into the system

• mkdev To create a new device
• mkdev -vadapter vhost2 -vdev hdisk17 -dev disk17_data

• rmdev To delete a device
• rmdev -d1 scraid1 To delete scraid1 device
• rmdev -l pdisk8 To change the device state from Available to Defined
• rmdev -l pdisk8 -d To delete pdisk8 device

• fsck To make a file check after a disk problem
• fsck -y /dev/fslv00 Check disk without prompting

• lsmcode Displays microcode and firmware levels of the systemTo make a file check after a disk problem

• fuser Identifies processes using a file or a file structure
• fuser /etc/passwd
• fuser -c /home/ See all the PID using the ressource

• lsvgfs Display a list of file systems belonging to a volume group
• lsvgfs rootvg      

  Diagnosing Hardware Problems in AIX

• errpt command to retrieve an error record from the error log (errpt -a)
  

• errclear to delete entries from the error log (errclear -0)

• diag command is the starting point to run a wide choice of tasks and service aids that are used to perform hardware problem determination

• To log system messages, AIX uses syslogd. The syslogd daemon reads a atagram socket and sends each message line to a destination described by the /etc/syslog.conf configuration file.
• to start it use startsrc -s syslogd
• to stop it use stopsrc -s syslogd
• to see if the service is running use ps -ef | grep syslogd 

• snap To make an image for the system configuration for the support
• snap -r To supress the old snap
• snap -gc To create a snap for the support

         vi [-l] [-R] [+n | +/pattern] [filename]

Moving the Cursor

    Key               Action               Key                Action
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
h or [Left Arrow]  Left one character   l or [Right Arrow]   Right one character
j or [Down Arrow]  Down one line        k or [Up Arrow]      Up one character

^    1st character on current line           $  End of current line
0    1st position of current line            G  Last line of the file
+    1st character of next line             :n  Line n of the file
-    1st character of previous line          H  Top line of screen
nH   n lines after top line                  M  Middle line of screen
nL   n lines before last line                L  Last line of screen

B  Back one word (ignore punctuation)        b Back one word
E  End of next word (ignore punctuation)     e End of next word
W  Start of next word (ignore punctuation)   w Start of next word
(  Beginning of previous sentence            ) Beginning of next sentence
[[ Back one section                         ]] Forward one section
{  Beginning of previous paragraph           } Beginning of next paragraph

[CTRL][B]   Scroll back one screen      [CTRL][F] Scroll forward one screen
[CTRL][U]   Scroll back half screen     [CTRL][D] Scroll forward half screen
[CTRL][E]   Scroll up one line          [CTRL][Y] Scroll down one line

Marking Text and Returning

Text Input Mode

Key        Action                       Key       Action
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a          Insert after cursor        A           Append to end of line
i          Insert before cursor       I           Insert at beginning of line
o          Insert line below cursor   O           Insert one line above cursor
[CTRL][J]  Move down one line         [CTRL][W]   Move back one word
[ENTER]    Add a new line             [Backspace] Move back one character
kill       Delete line (set by stty)  [CTRL][H]   Move back one character
[CTRL][I]  Insert a tab               [CTRL][T]   Move to next tab setting
[ESC]      Returns to command mode    [CTRL][V]   Quote next character

Deleting and Changing text

Key  Action                          Key  Action
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
cw   Change word                     cc   Change line
C    Change text from current        cl   change character right of cursor
     position to end of line         .    Repeat last change
dd   Delete current line             ndd  Delete n lines
D    Delete remainder of line        dw   Delete a word
d}   Delete to next paragraph        d^   Delete back to beginning of line
dh   Delete char left                d/pattern  Delete up to pattern
dn   Delete up to pattern            dL   Delete up to last line on screen
dfa  Delete up to and                dta  Delete up to a
     including a
dG   Delete to end of file           ~  Reverse case
p    Inserts last deleted text       P  Inserts last deleted text before cursor
     after cursor
rx   Replaces character with x       Rtext   Replaces text beginning at cursor
s    Substitute character            S  Substitute entire line
x    Delete current cursor position  X  Delete back one character

Moving and Copying Text

Searching for Text

Undoing Changes

Saving and Leaving vi

      :3,25w partial.file 

Using ex Commands

Editing Multiple Files

Including Text from Files and Command Output

vi Editor Tips

• You can issue AIX commands from within vi by typing :! followed by the command.

• You can create a subshell by issuing the :sh command. When you are done, press [CTRL] [D] or type EXIT [ENTER] to return to vi.

• You can move the cursor to a specific column by specifying the column number and then the vertical bar ( | ) character.

• You can set the column position for vi to wrap the text by setting the wrap margin variable. For example, to set the warp at column 65 you would enter the command :set wm=15 where 15 is 80 - desired column position.

cp Command

mv Command

cat Command

pg and more Commands

wc Command

ln Command

rm Command